Do you need treatment for a urinary tract infection?

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What are urinary tract infections (UTIs)?

UTIs are infections that can occur in any part of the urinary system, including the bladder, urethra, and kidneys. The urinary system is responsible for filtering waste and excess fluid from the body through urine. Infection in the bladder is called cystitis, in the urethra it's called urethritis, and in the kidneys it's known as pyelonephritis. UTIs left untreated can lead to serious kidney infections, so early management is important.

Frequently
asked questions

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What are the signs and symptoms of UTIs?
Signs of a UTI may include passing small amounts of urine, frequent urination, a feeling of incomplete bladder emptying, nausea, fever, confusion (more common in older adults), pain or burning sensation during urination, cloudy or bloody urine, lower back or abdominal pain, and in children, symptoms like irritability, wetting during the day or night, or feeding problems in infants.
What causes UTIs?
UTIs are primarily caused by bacteria entering the body through the urethra. Females are more susceptible due to the shorter length of their urethra and its proximity to the vagina and anus where bacteria reside. Other factors that increase the risk of UTIs include being sexually active, menopause, health conditions like diabetes or urinary incontinence, and the use of spermicides or diaphragms for contraception.
When should I see a doctor about UTIs?
If you experience symptoms associated with a UTI or have pre-existing health conditions, it's important not to delay seeking treatment. Pregnant individuals should especially seek medical attention for even mild UTI symptoms. If symptoms indicate a kidney infection, such as fever, back pain, diarrhoea, and vomiting, immediate medical attention is crucial.
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How can I prevent UTIs?
To prevent recurring UTIs, consider drinking more fluids to flush out bacteria, urinating when necessary, urinating after intercourse, wiping from front to back, wearing cotton underwear and loose-fitting pants, finding alternative birth control methods if using spermicides, avoiding perfumed products in the genital area, preventing constipation, using lubricant gel during intercourse if experiencing dryness, and seeking advice from a doctor.

Sources:

https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/urinary-tract-infection-uti, Kidney Health Australia (Urinary Tract Infections (UTI’s)), SA Health (Urinary tract infection (UTI) including symptoms treatment and prevention), Queensland Health (Urinary Tract Infection), Continence Foundation of Australia (Your Guide to UTI’s)

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